Urumqi History

Urumchi is a city with a long history. Live to multiply here as far back as the Neolithic Age mankind. It is teacher aunt Gu that enter here initially - person of Cheshi. In the early years of Western Han Dynasty, the officer of Jizhishuyi set up the tent and grow food garin near the Jinman of Urumchi promptly in Han Dynasty, it is safe to safeguard one of the north of Silk Road. It is the important location of Silk Road new Beidao, including Urumchi is in the pastoral economy state at the Tian Mountain northern foot inside today. The Eastern Han Dynasty is part of six countries of Dongshi. The government sets up the state of front yard at the northern foot of Tian Mountain in A.D. 640, the Tang Dynasty, have jurisdiction over 4 counties, Urumchi is Luntai county today. The moor reservoir site of ancient city of southern side now of present Urumchi city, it is Luntai county at that time. Since 663, the government sends the army to go to the riverside of Urumchi and station troops for opening up wasteland in the Tang Dynasty. 702 year, set up north yard office in Ting state, the army of Luntai are increased. According to«New book of Tang, the record of Tufan»Record: " Luntai, Yiwu open up wasteland and grow food grain, Heshu face each other ". The poet of frontier fortress Censhen lived in Luntai for 3 year, write " defend floor the west hope smoke and dust to be dark, The soldier of Han station troops in the north of Luntai ". 771 year, government of Tang set up " Jingsai army " in Luntai, garrison this strategic area. The development of Urumchi start Urumchi build the soil garrison on in Qing Dynasty the 20th year of Qianlong (1755 year ) on a large scale. The Qing Government encourages stationing troops for opening up wasteland, lightens the grain to compose, the agriculture of Urumchi, commerce, handicraft industry get very fast development for a time, place where become " flourishing and rich and populous, first is outside Shanhaiguan ". The extensive development of Urumchi started in the 20th year of Qianlong in Qing Dynasty (1755 ). The Qing Government encourages stationing troops for opening up wasteland, lightens the grain to compose, Urumchi becomes " flourishing and rich and populous, place where first is outside Shanhaiguan ". In order to meet the needs of population growth, stationing troops for opening up wasteland and commercial trade, the army of Qing is prior to the 23rd year of Qianlong (1758 ) and build of soil city outside the south gate of today, the city " it is 0.5 kilometers and five points of the round, 4 meters high ", this is an embryonic form of the city of Urumchi; Later to the 28th year of Qianlong (1763 ), expanded the old soil city northwards, was up to girth of four fen for 2.5 kilometers. While completing, Qianlong names and calls " Dihua ". Build the new city of Kongning city in the west of the Dihua city in Qing Dynasty the 37th year of Qianlong (1772 year ). The 38th year of Qianlong (1773 year ), The Tongzhi of Urumchi chage to the officer of Dihua city, change counsellor minister to interconnected system in Urumchi, Couzhun who is the governor of Shanxi move the Milikundao to the Kongning city of Dihua state. Then GongNing city just became at that time Qing Dynasty ruled the centre in the army and the government of Urumchi. Ten years (1884 ) of Guangxu period, Imperial Palace of Qing Dynasty determines to set up Gansu Xinjiang province, set DIhua ad provincial capital. Dihua became political centre of Xinjiang from then on. Next year, rise the state under the jurisdiction of Dihua to govern of Dihua, increase Dihua county to the first county of Fuguo. The 2nd year of the Republic of China (1913 ), change the Zhendidaoyi to governor of observe, at the same time cancel the govern of Dihua, keep the Dihua county. The committee of municipal government was established and guided melting in the 29th year of the Republic of China (1940 ). November 1, set up the city and establish the municipal government formally the 34th year of the Republic of China (1945 ); Divide urban area into one - two - three - four - five district at the same time, Dihua county under the jurisdiction of prefectural commissioner's office, have jurisdiction over 6 townships, 2 pieces of pastoral area and reaching the slope cities and towns. Set up the neighbourhood administrative system organization under the district.
On September 25, 1949, Xinjiang was liberated peacefully. On December 17, the municipal government of Dihua is established. Redistrict and set up 7 districts, 54 streets office. Set up peasant association in the suburb, and establish 3 townships on the basis of land reform, so far, the people's governments at all levels in urban and rural areas set up tentatively. On February 1, 1954, Dihua resumed using and originally known as Urumchi formally .